Renal Conditions and Disorders we Treat
Acute Kidney Injury
When the kidneys are suddenly damaged and cannot perform their normal function of removing extra fluid, salts, waste and toxins from the blood, the condition is known as acute kidney injury.
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Bedwetting
Please see Enuresis for further information.
Chronic Kidney Disease
The kidneys are critical organs that remove waste and excess water from the blood and direct it into your urine. When the kidneys lose function, this is known as chronic kidney disease.
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Chyluria
When fluid from the lymphatic system leaks into the kidneys and turns the urine a milky color, this rare condition is known as chyluria.
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Collagen Vascular Diseases
Collagen is the main protein in connective tissue. When this tissue is abnormal some of diseases that occur involve many organ systems including skeleton, lungs, eyes, heart and blood vessels.
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Congenital Anomalies of the Urinary Tract
Congenital anomalies of the urogenital tract, are a broad group of common, mild to life-threatening malformations of the kidney/ureters/bladder/urethra/penis/testis/and female genitalia (one or more parts) present at birth that occur during fetal development of the urinary/genital system.
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Ectopic Ureter
The ureters are the tubes in the body that drain urine from the kidneys to the bladder. A ureter that is not connected to the bladder, and drains somewhere else is known as an ectopic ureter.
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Electrolyte Imbalance
Body fluids are composed of water and substances dissolved in it (solutes) - these solutes when possessing an electrical charge are called electrolytes which may be positively charged or negatively charged. These electrolytes are maintained in the body within a narrow range and are essential to the metabolic activities of all cells. When these electrolytes are out of balance (either too high or too low) they cause problems in many organ or systems.
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Enuresis
Primary bedwetting/nocturnal enuresis is the common problem of multiple episodes of wetting the bed, only at night when asleep, over the age of 7 years, who have no history of a urinary tract infection.
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Glomerulonephritis
One of the kidneys’ main function is to remove waste products of cell metabolism and excess fluid from the body, which are excreted in the urine. Each kidney has about 1 million functional filtering units called nephrons. The glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries of the nephron which act as the filters of the blood. Glomerulonephritis is an acute or chronic inflammatory disease of the glomeruli which prevents them from functioning properly.
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Hematuria
Red blood cells in the urine is known as hematuria and is quite common in children. Hematuria can be “gross”- that is obviously bloody, smokey or tea colored or “microscopic” which means the blood can only be seen under a microscope (it only requires investigation if present on three consecutive urine specimens).
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Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Hemolytic uremic syndrome is a fairly uncommon life-threatening form of kidney disease which can result in kidney failure.
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High Blood Pressure
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is defined as a child's blood pressure greater than that of 95% of their normal peers.
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Horseshoe Kidney
Horseshoe kidney is a disorder in which the two kidneys are fused together as one at the lower end giving it a horseshoe-shaped “U” form.
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Kidney Failure
The kidneys are responsible for filtering the water and waste material of the body by the bloodstream and transforming it into urine to be emptied from the bladder. Renal failure results when damage to the kidneys impairs this function.
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Kidney Stones
A kidney stone is a solid, hard, pebble-like object that forms in a child’s kidneys when normal urine substances (like calcium, oxalates, magnesium and phosphorus) become very concentrated. There are 4 main types of kidney stones- those containing primarily calcium, cystine, uric acid or struvite.
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Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a common birth defect in which a baby’s normal kidney tissue (usually only on one side) is replaced by many cysts.
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Nephrotic Syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms caused by kidney damage which results in children generally between the ages of 2-6 years, leaking a protein normally found in blood, into the urine.
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Obstructive Uropathy
Obstructive uropathy is a condition in which there is a blockage of the urine flow in the tube that carries urine between the kidneys and the bladder, or anywhere to the external urethral meatus.
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Polycystic Kidney Disease
PKD is a kidney disorder where numerous cysts enlarge in both kidneys reducing the amount of normal kidney tissue and thereby the kidney’s ability to function normally, leading to kidney failure.
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Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Depending on the availability of food, the body either uses glucose produced by the breakdown of ingested carbohydrates, when food is plentiful, or fat when food is limited, to produce the energy cells need to function. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of three enzymes is the bridge that gives the body the flexibility to switch from one source of energy to the other. PDC deficiency is a disorder resulting from a lack of one of the three enzymes.
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Renal Parenchymal Disease
Renal parenchyma disease describes medical conditions which damages the renal cortex and the renal medulla.
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Tubular Diseases
Renal tubular disorders are a diverse group of conditions, both generalized and specific that develop when the tubules don’t work properly resulting in the body’s blood water, salts, and level of acidity, singly or together, becoming abnormal.
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Urinary Tract Infection
The body’s urinary tract includes the kidneys, bladder, ureters and urethra. When an infection does occur in the urinary system, it is known as a urinary tract infection, or UTI.
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VATER Syndrome
VATER syndrome refers to several birth defects that frequently occur in conjunction with one another. The letters stand for vertebrae, anus, trachea, esophagus and renal.
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Vesicoureteral Reflux
Urine normally flows one way from the kidneys to the bladder via tubes called the ureters before exiting the body through the urethra. When urine flows backwards from bladder towards the kidneys the condition is called vesicoureteral reflux.
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Wilms’ tumor
Wilms tumor is a rare type of cancer that starts in the kidney and occurs most often in children ages 3 or 4.
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